Traditionally, PSPs have provided shops with online services for accepting electronic payments by a variety of payment methods including credit card, bank-based payments such as direct debit, bank transfer, and real-time bank transfer based on online banking. Typically, these are a software-as-a-service model and form a single payment gateway for clients (merchants) to multiple payment methods. For central bank digital currencies, PSPs are likely to facilitate the acceptance and use of CBDCs for payments.